Ungabuyekeza kanjani Ubuntu kusuka ku-terminal

Sekusondele isikhathi sokuthi kukhishwe inguqulo entsha ye-Ubuntu. Uma isikhathi sifika, kufanele ucabangele ukuthi uzohlala enguqulweni yamanje noma unyukele kwentsha. Isinqumo sinzima kakhulu uma sisebenzisa inguqulo ye-LTS, njengoba sinenketho yokuhlala entweni okufanele izinze kakhudlwana, kodwa lapho sisemjikelezweni ojwayelekile, okufanele sikunqume ukuthi sigxume nini, noma yini uma kungenjalo sizosala singenasekelo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngesizathu esisodwa noma esinye, noma nganoma isiphi isikhathi, lapha sizokufundisa ungabuyekeza kanjani ubuntu ku-terminal.

Uma umsebenzisi esesha ku-inthanethi ukuthi angabubuyekeza kanjani Ubuntu kusukela kutheminali, angakwenza ngezizathu ezimbili, noma ukuvuselela izinto ezimbili ezihlukene: enye iwukuvuselela amaphakheji; enye iwukuvuselela isistimu yokusebenza. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lesi sihloko sisebenzela wonke umuntu, lapha sizokuchaza kokubili, ukuqala ngamaphakheji, into okufanele kushiwo, ngicabanga ukuthi "umsebenzisi wokuqala we-Ubuntu".

Ungabuyekeza kanjani Ubuntu kusuka ku-terminal: ukuqala ngamaphakheji

Akuyona yonke into ebilokhu ihamba kahle ku-Linux. lapho ngiqala ukuyisebenzisa bezingekho izitolo zesoftware, futhi into esondele kakhulu kulokho kwakuyi-Synaptic (ingobo yomlando), indlela yokuphatha amaphakheji kusuka kusixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi. Kodwa bangifundise indlela eshesha kakhulu, leyo engisayisebenzisa nanamuhla kumakhompyutha enginawo Ubuntu. Umyalo abangifundisa wona wawuthi:

sudo apt update && sudo apt thuthukisa && sudo apt autoremove

Ngokunikezwa umyalo, kuyadingeka ukuchaza ukuthi yenzani:

• sudo umyalo odingekayo ukuze uthole amalungelo.
• kulungile ungumphathi wephakheji osetshenziswa ngu-Ubuntu.
• buyekeza izobuyekeza amakhosombe.
• phuthukisa izobuyekeza amaphakheji.
• hambisa izosusa amaphakheji angasadingeki. Iso nalokhu, ukuthi akuwona umqondo omuhle ngaso sonke isikhathi ukukwenza. Ngikwenza ngomkhuba, kodwa ngeke kukhishwe ukuthi iphakheji edingwa enye isofthiwe izokhishwa. Akukaze kwenzeke kimi ukuthi ngiphuthelwe okuthile ngemva kokuyisebenzisa, kodwa ngishiya isixwayiso lapho.
• && "okunengqondo futhi", futhi kusho "futhi", kodwa inqobo nje uma lokhu okungenhla kwenziwe ngempumelelo. Kulo myalo wenhlanganisela, "sudo apt autoremove" izokwenziwa kuphela uma "sudo apt upgrade" yenziwe ngempumelelo, futhi "sudo apt upgrade" izokwenziwa kuphela uma "sudo apt update" yenziwe ngaphandle kwamaphutha. Lokhu, okuhunyushelwe olimini lwabantu, kungaba “ukuvuselela ukwaziswa ezindaweni zokugcina; uma bebuyekeza ngempumelelo, buyekeza amaphakheji; uma zibuyekeza ngempumelelo, susa noma imaphi amaphakheji angasadingeki."

Esiyokubona lapho senza umyalo wokuqala nowesibili yilokho okusekuthathweni kwesihloko, uhlu olunawo wonke amaphakheji azobuyekezwa. Uma sifuna ukubona uhlu ngendlela ecace kakhudlwana, singakhansela (n no-Enter) bese sithayipha itheminali:

uhlu lwe-sudo apt --upgradable

Ngalokhu sizoba nawo wonke amaphakheji avuselelwe, futhi yonke into edingekayo izobe isichazwe kakade uma umbuzo wokuthi ungabuyekeza kanjani Ubuntu kusuka ku-terminal ubhekisela kuphela kumaphakheji.

Thuthukisa lonke uhlelo lokusebenza

Uma ithini impendulo yombuzo wokuthi ungabuyekeza kanjani Ubuntu kusuka ku-terminal izinga lesistimu yokusebenza, siyaqhubeka. Ngemva kokubuyekeza wonke amaphakheji, futhi nakuba kungase kungadingeki, ngincoma ukuqala kabusha ikhompyutha. Uma sifuna ukwenza yonke into ngetheminali, okufanele sikubhale:

ukuqala kabusha kwe-sudo

Uma sekuqalwe kabusha, into elandelayo okufanele uyenze Kuya ngokuthi sikunguqulo ye-LTS noma kunguqulo yomjikelezo ovamile. Njengomjikelezo ojwayelekile kwenziwa okufanayo njengaku-LTS kodwa endaweni ethuthuke kakhulu, sichaza zonke izinyathelo, okungukuthi, sizocabanga ukuthi siku-LTS futhi sifuna ukuthuthukela kokungewona ama-LTS. .

Okufanele sikwenze ukutshela isistimu yokusebenza ukuthi ibheke izinguqulo ezintsha zesistimu yokusebenza yomjikelezo ojwayelekile, kodwa ngaphambi kokuthi sibhale lo myalo:

sudo apt dist-upgrade

Uma sibona ukuthi ubuyekeze amaphakheji amaningi, ngizoqalisa kabusha, noma ngengeze lo myalo ohlwini olungenhla bese ngiqalisa kabusha lapho yonke inqubo isiqediwe. Uma ambalwa abuyekeziwe, ngicabanga ukuthi singaqhubeka nezinyathelo zesibuyekezo ngokwaso.

1. Manje sivula itheminali bese sibhala:

sudo nano /njll/buyekeza-umphathi/Ukukhululwa-ukuthuthukiswa

2. Siyaskrola lapho kuthiwa khona "prompt=lts" bese siyishintsha ithi "prompt=normal".

3. Sicindezela u-Ctrl+O, bese u-Enter bese u-Ctrl+X. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinguquko zenziwe, singacindezela umcibisholo oya phezulu kukhibhodi bese sifaka kabusha umyalo osuka esinyathelweni sangaphambilini. Ngemva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi kulungile, siphuma ngo-Ctrl+X.
4. Kulapho futhi evumeleke khona ezinguqulweni ezingezona eze-LTS. Kutheminali sibhala ukuvuselelwa kokukhipha ukukhishwa kwe-sudo. Uma kukhona inguqulo entsha, umlayezo omude uzovela. Siskrolela phezulu, sibone izinombolo negama lenguqulo entsha bese ucindezela u-S (uthi Yebo, noma u-Y uma kungesiNgisi) bese u-Enter. Ungacindezela u-S bese u-Enter ngokuqondile uma ungafuni ukubona noma yiluphi ulwazi oluboniswa yitheminali.

5. Okulandelayo sizobona ukuthi iqala ukusebenza, ibuyekeza amakhosombe nokunye. Siyalinda.
6. Sizobona okufanayo nalokhu okungenhla futhi. Uma singafuni ukwazi okunye noma simise ukufaka, cindezela u-S bese u-Enter. Nge-D sizobona imininingwane yokufakwa (angikuncomi; isikhathi silahlekile).

7. Sizophinde sibone ukuthi iqala ukusebenza ngendlela efanayo nalapho sibuyekeza amaphakheji asuka kutheminali. Silinda ukuthi inqubo iphele. Kungathatha isikhashana kuye ngoxhumo lwakho nokuthi yini okufanele uyifake.

8. Ngemva kwesikhashana, amaphakheji angasadingeki azokhishwa. Kuyisinyathelo esicishe sifane nesedlule, kodwa kulokhu sizosusa okungasadingeki.

9. Ngemva kokususa yonke into engasadingeki, sizobona elinye iwindi elithi “yebo/cha”, kodwa kulokhu ukuqala kabusha. Kungcono ukucindezela ukhiye u-S bese u-Enter.

10. Uma sesiqalisiwe sizoba kunguqulo entsha ye-Ubuntu, kodwa ngeke ngiyishiye lapha. Ngingabuyela esigabeni samaphakheji wokubuyekeza bese ngikwenza futhi, ngakho sizoba nesistimu entsha nawo wonke amaphakheji abuyekeziwe.

Mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kwe-LTS kuya ku-LTS

Yonke into echazwe lapha iyasebenza nasekubuyekezeni inguqulo ye-LTS eyodwa iye kwenye i-LTS, kodwa kufanele kucatshangelwe umniningwane owodwa: ICanonical ayivamisile ukwenza kusebenze izibuyekezo ukusuka ku-LTS eyodwa kuye kwenye kuze kukhishwe okungenani isibuyekezo sephuzu elilodwa. Isibonelo, awuzange wenze kusebenze izibuyekezo ze-22.04 baze bakhiphe i-22.04.1 ISO. Ngokuvamile kuthatha izinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha, ngaphezulu kwezintathu kune eziyisithupha, kodwa kufanele wazi ukuthi ukubuyekezwa akukwazi ukwenziwa ngo-April; kufanele ulinde okungenani kuze kube u-Agasti.

Futhi ngalokhu, sithemba ukuthi sekucacile ukuthi ungabuyekeza kanjani Ubuntu kusuka ku-terminal.