Yadda za a gyara tsarin fayil ta atomatik tare da fsck

A kan lokaci farashin kayan aiki yana samun ƙasa da ƙarfinsa yana ƙaruwa, amma idan wani abu mai mahimmanci da muke ɗauka a kan kwamfutocinmu shine bayanin da aka ajiye a can, wanda zamu iya faɗi kusan ba tare da tsoron yin kuskure ba cewa rumbun kwamfutar shine ɓangaren da ya kamata ya damu da mu sosai. Abun takaici, ba koyaushe ake samun wannan ba kuma yawancin masu amfani suna barin lafiyarsu zuwa dama, har sai lokacin da wani mummunan abu ya faru a ƙarshe ya makara don nadama da kyawawan takardu, hotuna, bidiyo ko ma kiɗa sun ɓace.

Maganar ita ce tare da ɗan aiki za mu iya barin komai da kyau don tsarin don kulawa bincika atomatik matsayin tsarin fayil ɗinmu don sanin ko komai yana cikin tsari, kuma wannan a cikin Linux zamu iya yin ta ta wani tsohon soja wanda har yanzu yana da abubuwa da yawa da zai bayar: umarnin fsck. Tabbas, to kowane distro yana da yadda yake aiwatar da abubuwa, don haka bari mu ga yadda za'a saita shi a cikin mahimman distros.

A cikin hali na Debian da dangoginsa (misali Ubunto ko Linux Mint, mun dogara da fayil ɗin / sauransu / tsoho / rcS, wanda muke buɗe don gyara:

sudo gedit / sauransu / tsoho / rcS

Sannan mun ƙara:

FSCKFIX = haka ne

A game da CentOS, alal misali, abubuwa sun bambanta kuma mun dogara da fayil ɗin / sauransu / sysconfig / autofsck wanda kuma muke buɗewa don gyara (a harkata, tare da Gedit):

sudo gedit / sauransu / sysconfig / autofsck

Sannan zamu kara layi a cikin fayil din da aka fada:

AUTOFSCK_DEF_CHECK = haka ne

Yanzu, waɗancan matakan da muka nuna a sakin layi na baya ana amfani dasu lokacin da muke so gudanar da rajistan ta amfani da fsck a kowane tsarin farawa, kuma kodayake yana da kyau sosai yana iya ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo idan faifan diski da ɓangarorinmu suna da girma sosai. Sabili da haka, zamu iya amfani da fa'idodin da wani kayan aikin Linux ke bayarwa da ake kira tun2fs, wanda a tsakanin sauran abubuwa yana bamu damar gudanar da bincike na lokaci-lokaci zuwa tsarin fayil ɗin mu don haka ana aiwatar dasu lokaci zuwa lokaci amma ba kowane farkon kwamfutar mu ba.

Da farko mun fara duba matsayin sanyi na yanzu, aiwatarwa:

sudo tune2fs -l / dev / sda1

Zamu iya nazarin abin da kwamfutar ta bani lokacin da nake sarrafa ta, kuma saboda wannan dole ne mu kula da wasu abubuwan da tune2fs ke kallo. Misali, 'Yanayin tsarin', wanda kamar yadda muke gani a hoton sama na wannan rubutun a harkata na alama na 'tsabta' kuma wannan kyakkyawan farawa ne. Koyaya, kada a yaudare ku, kuma a ƙasa zamu ga wasu mahimman matakan mahimmanci waɗanda ba su da kyau.

Alal misali 'Countididdigar dutse', wanda ke nuna yawan lokuta dole ne a ɗora tsarin fayil ɗin mu kafin sake dubawa sannan kuma a wurina 270 ne, adadi mai yawa, cewa ba tare da yin watsi da cewa lokacin karshe da aka gudanar fsck a tsarina ba shine ranar 7 ga Mayu, 2013. Wani kuma na 'Duba tazara', wanda ke nuna matsakaicin lokaci a cikin watanni da muke son ƙyale ya wuce ba tare da yin wannan binciken na mutunci ba; idan an saita shi zuwa 0 kamar yadda yake a nawa, ba za'ayi la'akari dashi ba.

Idan muna son rajistan ya gudana kowane tsarin 30 ya fara:

sudo tune2fs -c 30 / dev / sda1

Idan muna son aƙalla watanni 3 su wuce kafin a sake yin rajistan:

sudo tune2fs -i 3m / dev / sda1

Amma idan Linux ya banbanta da wani abu, to a gaskiya yana ba mu zaɓi da yawa, don haka ga duk abin da zamu iya ƙarawa yiwuwar aiwatar da binciken mutunci na tsarin fayil ɗin mu a farkon farawa na gaba, ma'ana, muna yin sa ne akan buƙata kuma sau ɗaya kawai.

Saboda wannan muke aiwatarwa:

sudo taba / Forcefsck

Da wannan muke kirkirar fayil mai fanko da ake kira dannasun, wanda zai kasance a cikin tushen kundin adireshi kuma godiya ga wannan a lokaci na gaba da za'a fara amfani da computer za'a fara amfani da fsck, kuma bayan haka za'a cire wannan fayil ɗin ta atomatik don haka a farkon farawa ba za'a sake aiwatar dashi ba.

Kamar yadda muke gani, a cikin Linux abubuwan da muke da su koyaushe suna da yawa kuma godiya ga wannan za mu iya daidaita wannan muhimmin aiki ga bukatunmu, musamman saboda ƙimar duk bayanan da muke da su a kan rumbun kwamfutarmu. Ta wannan hanyar zamu iya yin binciken mutunci da hannu yayin da muka san cewa ba za mu buƙaci kwamfutar ba don haka ba mu damu da abin da za ta iya ɗauka ba, ko kuma mu yi ta a kan tsarin kowane adadin tsarin sake farawa.