en el previous article Na yi bayanin nau'ikan ma'ajiyar Ubuntu daban-daban tare da fa'ida da rashin amfanin su. Yanzu ya zama juzu'in sauran nau'ikan ma'ajin, na fakiti na duniya ko na kansa.
Akwai rabe-raben Linux da yawa, kuma dangane da wanda aka samo su, suna amfani da tsarin fakiti daban-daban. Ko da yake a baya akwai umarni da ke ba da damar yin juzu'i tsakanin tsari daban-daban, wannan tarwatsewar ya zama cikas ga adadin aikace-aikacen Linux yana ƙaruwa.
Shi ya sa Masu haɓakawa sun fara aiki akan fakiti na duniya.
Menene fakitin duniya
Fakitin duniya Su fakiti ne waɗanda ba tare da gyare-gyare ba za a iya shigar da su kuma a gudanar da su akan kowane rarraba. Wannan yana yiwuwa saboda suna gudanar da abin dogaro daban.
Dogaro shirye-shirye ne waɗanda wasu shirye-shiryen ke amfani da su don yin ayyukan gama-gari ga sauran aikace-aikacen. kamar bugu ko adana fayil. Idan muka shigar The Brave browser sannan The Gimp, Gimp ba zai shigar da waɗancan abubuwan da suka dace waɗanda aka riga aka shigar tare da Brave ba.
Fakitin duniya suna da kansu saboda an shigar dasu tare da duk abubuwan da suka dace don aikinsu., ba kome cewa wani shirin ya shigar da su a baya. Wannan yana da fa'idar cewa gyare-gyare ga tsarin aiki, misali gazawar sabuntawar dogaro ko software mara kyau, ba zai shafi fakitin duniya ba.
Daga mahangar masu haɓakawa, Fakitin duniya, ba kamar na gargajiya ba, dole ne kawai su dace da ƙayyadaddun bayanai guda ɗaya. Kodayake Debian da Ubuntu suna amfani da tsarin fakitin gargajiya iri ɗaya, ba za a iya musanya su ba.
Kodayake ana amfani da manajan fakiti daban-daban don shigarwa da sabunta irin wannan nau'in fakiti fiye da wanda ke sarrafa na gargajiya, dangane da tsari da aikace-aikacen, ana iya amfani da aikace-aikacen hoto iri ɗaya. Haka yake don sabuntawa.
Nau'in Kunshin Duniya
Mafi mahimmanci nau'ikan fakitin duniya sune:
- karye
- Flatpak
- Kayan aiki
karye
Snap shine tsarin fakitin duniya na baya-bayan nan, ya kasance tare da mu tsawon shekaru 10 tun lokacin da aka ƙaddamar da shi a cikin 2014. Masu haɓakawa sunyi tunani game da shi ban da amfani da su a cikin rarraba Linux na tebur, a cikin Intanet na Abubuwa (IoT), na'urorin hannu da sabar. Kowa na iya ƙirƙirar kantin sayar da nasa (Repositories) na fakitin Snap ko loda su zuwa Snapcraft, babban kantin Canonical.
Ko da yake a cikin Snapcraft mun sami mafi yawan taken software kyauta da buɗaɗɗen tushe, Yawancin lokaci shine zaɓin da aka fi so don nau'ikan Linux na software na mallakar mallaka da sabis na girgije na aikace-aikacen.
Flatpak
Kodayake an saki Flatpak shekara guda bayan Snap, a aikace shine magajin aikin da ya gabata wanda aka sani da xdg-app. Babban mahimmancinsa shine aiwatar da aikace-aikace a cikin amintaccen wuri kuma keɓe. Babu gata mai gudanarwa da ake buƙata kuma kada ku zama haɗarin tsaro ga sauran tsarin.
Flatpak An tsara shi don rarraba aikace-aikacen tebur kuma yana amfani da samfurin kantin sayar da app. Mafi mahimmanci shine Flathub.
Na Flathub Shi ne inda ya fi sauƙi samun sabbin nau'ikan aikace-aikacen software masu kyauta da buɗaɗɗen tushe
AppImage
Shi ne majagaba na tsarin “tsari ɗaya, fayil ɗaya” tun yana tare da mu tun shekara ta 2004. Kowane fakitin Appimage ya haɗa da aikace-aikacen tare da duk abubuwan dogaro da ake buƙata don amfani da shi.
Ba kamar sauran nau'i biyu ba, Ba a shigar da Appimage ba, kawai kuna ba fayil ɗin aiwatar da izini kuma ana aiwatar da shi ta danna sau biyu duk lokacin da kuke son amfani da shi.
Hakanan babu kantin aikace-aikacen da aka keɓe kuma sabuntawa ya ƙunshi goge tsohon fayil da shigar da sabon. Ko da yake akwai gidajen yanar gizo da kayan aikin da ba na hukuma ba waɗanda ke biyan wannan buƙata.
Menene mafi kyawun tsari? Gwada su kuma yanke shawara. Ka tuna cewa a cikin duniyar Linux akwai ƙiyayya, son zuciya da, tare da haɓaka kamfanoni, abubuwan kasuwanci. Wannan shine abin da sau da yawa ke ƙayyade ra'ayi ba ma'auni na fasaha ba.