Yadda ake girka KVM akan Ubuntu

Magani nagarta ana ƙara amfani da shi, kuma fa'idodinsa ba abin tambaya bane tunda sun ba mu damar samun dandamali daban-daban a hannunmu, ko dai don ci gaba, gwaji, sabobin ko aikin da za mu buƙata, ba tare da faɗuwa cikin farashin saye ba sabon kayan aiki a gareta. Kuma daga cikin sanannun hanyoyin da muke dasu VMware, VirtualBox ko Hyper-V, amma akwai wanda kusan yake ɗan asali a ciki GNU / Linux kuma ana kiranta KVM.

Sunanta ya fito ne daga farkon sunayen na Kernel Virtual Machine (kernel kama-da-wane inji) kuma yana ba mu damar gudanar da dandamali na Linux da Windows a kan na’urar Linux. Magani ne mai iko sosai amma sama da duka mai sassauci, galibi saboda gaskiyar cewa hakan ne hadedde cikin kwaya amma kuma saboda zamu iya amfani da shi daga layin umarni ko daga zane mai zane (Virt-Manager) idan muka fi so.

Eh lallai, Domin girka KVM zamu buƙaci kayan aikinmu don ba da goyan baya don ƙwarewa, wani abu wanda gabaɗaya kowace ƙungiya zata ba mu amma ba zai taɓa cutar da sanin tabbas ba. Don haka muna buɗe taga mai mahimmanci (Ctrl + Alt T) kuma muna gudu:

egrep -c '(svm | vmx)' / proc / cpuinfo

Idan sakamakon ya kasance 0 wannan yana nufin cewa kayan aikinmu baya bayar da tallafi don ƙwarewa, duka na Intel VT-x da AMD-V, amma idan akasin haka mun sami 1 ko 2 wannan yana nufin cewa an bamu damar shigar KVM akan kwamfutarmu, don haka muka shirya shi amma kulawa, muna iya buƙata ba da damar haɓaka aiki daga BIOS, don haka idan wani abu ya faɗi duk da cewa ya sami ci gaba tare da wannan umarnin, mun riga mun san inda za mu je mu nema.

Mun shigar da buƙatun da ake buƙata:

sudo apt-samun shigar qemu-kvm libvirt-bin gada-kayan aikin manaja

Sannan muna bukata ƙara mai amfani da mu zuwa ga ƙungiyar libvirtd, tunda kawai masu amfani waɗanda suke cikin wannan rukunin ko tushen suna waɗanda aka kunna don amfani da KVM. Misali, don ƙara guille mai amfani zuwa libvirtd da muke aiwatarwa:

sudo adduser guille libvitd

Da zarar anyi haka dole mu rufe zaman mu sake farawa, kuma abu na farko da zamuyi yayin yin hakan shine aiwatar da wannan umarni, wanda zai nuna mana jerin injunan kamala. Wanne ne ya kamata ya zama fanko:

virsh -c qemu: /// tsarin tsarin

Yayi, muna shirye don farawa ƙirƙiri inji mai kyau a cikin KVM, kuma mafi sauki shine amfani Virtual Machine Manager, kayan aikin zane wanda muka girka 'yan matakai baya. Muna latsa gunkin farko na hagu (a cikin bar ɗin menu na sama) wanda shine yake ba mu damar ƙirƙirar injunan kama-da-wane, kuma muna nuna sunan da na'urarmu ta kamala zata kasance, tana nuna ƙasa da hanyar da za mu je yi amfani da shi: ta hanyar hoto ko hoto na ISO ko CDROM, shigarwar hanyar sadarwa (HTTP, FTP, NFS), Kayan hanyar sadarwa (PXE) ko kuma ta hanyar shigo da hoto da yake.

Muna danna kan 'Next' kuma yanzu an umarce mu da mu shiga hanya zuwa hoton ISO (ko zuwa adireshin hanyar sadarwa, ko hoto don shigowa, duk ya danganta da abin da muka zaba a cikin matakin da ya gabata), kuma da zarar mun yi shi za mu zaɓi nau'in tsarin aiki da sigar da ta dace da ita. Sa'an nan danna kan 'Next' Kuma yanzu abin da zamu nuna zai zama adadin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da CPU wanda na'urarmu ta kamala zata kasance, koyaushe la'akari da gaskiyar cewa ta wata hanyar za'a 'cire shi' daga kwamfutar da muke karba, saboda haka koyaushe yana da kyau kada ayi wuce 50 cikin ɗari na abin da muke da shi.

Bayan dannawa na gaba ana ɗaukar mu zuwa matakin da dole ne mu saita hanyar sadarwa, kuma a nan ta hanyar tsoho ana amfani da tsarin NAT koyaushe wanda zai bamu damar 'fita' zuwa cibiyar sadarwar amma hakan ba zai nuna mana kwamfutar bako a matsayin ɗaya a cikin hanyar sadarwar mu ba. Tabbas, zamu iya gyara wannan idan muna da buƙatu daban-daban (misali, idan muna gudanar da sabobin kamala). Idan mun shirya komai sai mu danna 'Gama' kuma zamu iya farawa shigar da tsarin aiki kamar yadda za mu yi a cikin ƙungiyar talakawa.

Zamu iya gwada injunan kamala da tsarin sarrafawa daban-daban, anan ma mun sake faɗin abu ɗaya sau da yawa: a cikin 'yancin zaɓi muna da ɗayan ƙarfin Linux. Akwai waɗanda za su fi son Virtualbox, QEMU ko VMware, kuma gaskiyar ita ce, aikin da aka yi wa ɗayan ko ɗayan zai dogara da dalilai da yawa don haka mafi kyawun abin da za mu iya yi shi ne gwaji.