Kwinqaku elilandelayo siza kujonga indlela yokwenza i Ukufakwa koBuntu ngokuSisiseko usebenzisa i-Ubuntu 18.04 Mini ISO. Olu khululo lwe-Ubuntu LTS lusebenzisa iGnome (uShell) njenge-desktop emiselweyo endaweni yoBumbano. Nangona ubunye busenokufakwa kwii-repositories, awunakuba nomdla wokuba yonke i-Gnome desktop ifakwe kunye noManyano.
Eli nqaku linokusebenza kwabo bakhetha, nangasiphi na isizathu, faka Ubuntu 18.04 ngobunye endaweni yeGnome (Uqokobhe). Siza kubona indlela yokwenza ufakelo lwe-Ubuntu 18.04 LTS olusebenzisa ubunye ngokungagqibekanga. Zonke izixhomekeke kuyo ziya kufakwa, kodwa ngaphandle kweepakeji ze-Gnome yedesktop, esiza kuyifumana ifumaneka kumgangatho osemgangathweni / ongagqibekanga (kunye neGnome desktop) ye-Ubuntu 18.04.
Ukwenza oku Siza kusebenzisa Ubuntu obuncinci be-ISO (umfanekiso weNetboot). Siza kwenza ifayile ye- ufakelo oluncinci ngaphandle kwendawo yedesktop. Emva kofakelo lwe-OS siya kufaka i-Ubuntu Unity desktop kunye nokuxhomekeka kwayo.
Ngokulandela le miyalelo ingezantsi, siya kufumana imeko-bume epheleleyo yedesktop. Kwi ii -apps zakho ezingagqibekanga zibandakanyiweezinje ngeLibreOffice, iThunderbird, iFirefox, iNautilus, usetyenziso lwesoftware Ubuntu, iiflegi zoBumbano ezingagqibekanga, ukungena ngemvume, kunye neLightDM. Awuyi kufuna ukususa naziphi na iiphakheji, tshintsha phakathi kwe-GDM kunye ne-LightDM okanye nayiphi na into enjalo.
Izinto oza kuzigcina engqondweni malunga nokufaka nge-Ubuntu 18.04 mini ISO
Kukho izinto ezimbalwa ukuba zicace malunga nokulandela imiyalelo engezantsi ukufaka Ubuntu 18.04 ngobunye:
- Sebenzisa mini.iso Ubuntu ifuna uqhagamshelo lwe-intanethi olusebenzayo ukusuka kwisifaki. Ubuncinci bomfanekiso we-ISO khuphela iiphakheji zokugcina ngexesha lokufaka, endaweni yokuzifaka kumfanekiso we-ISO. Uya kudinga unxibelelwano lwe-intanethi olusebenza kumgca wokuyalela ukufaka ubunye okokuqala inkqubo yeebhutsi. Kulo mzekelo, mna Ndizibiyile izixhobo.
- La Ubuntu obuncinci be-ISO busekwe kwisicatshulwa. Sukuba nexhala, kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa.
- Umfanekiso we Ubuntu Netboot (mini.iso) ayixhasi i-UEFI ngokungagqibekanga. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufuna ukuqala imowudi ye-UEFI, kuya kufuneka wenze lo msebenzi ulandelayo: yenza i-USB ebhobokayo nge mini.ISO uze ukope ifolda ye-EFI kwi-Ubuntu 18.04 ISO epheleleyo (kuya kufuneka uyinyuse ukuze ukwazi Khuphela ifolda ye-EFI) kwi-USB. Unokufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nale ngxaki apha.
Yenza ufakelo olucocekileyo usebenzisa i-mini-ISO ye-Ubuntu 18.04 (iNetbook) enobunye endaweni ye-GNOME desktop
Ukuqala, Siza kukhuphela umfanekiso we-Ubuntu 18.04 LTS yeNetboot. Kufuneka sikhuphele Ubuntu mini.iso ifayile yoyilo loyilo ekufuneka sisebenzise kulo apha (65MB ye-AMD64).
Siya ku Yenza imithombo yeendaba eqalekayo nge-Ubuntu 18.04 mini ISO. Singasebenzisa Etcher ukwenza i-USB esebenzayo usebenzisa i-GUI. Sinokusebenzisa dd okanye isihlangu ukwenza i-bootable ye-USB drive kwilayini yomyalelo.
Siyaqhubeka nokufaka isiseko se-Ubuntu 18.04 sisebenzisa i-USB ephunyeziweyo esiyenzileyo enomfanekiso we-ISO omncinci. Siqala ukufakela kwi-USB eqalekayo kwaye ukhethe Faka, kwiscreen sasekhaya. Kufuneka ulandele nje imiyalelo ekwiskrini. Lulungelelwaniso lobuntu oluqhelekileyo phantse kuwo onke amanyathelo alo.
Siza kusebenzisa isitshixo se-TAB okanye isikhombisi-ndlela sokukhangela ukuhamba kwisifakeli kunye neqhosha lesithuba ukuba ufuna ukukhetha / ukuphawula iibhokisi.
Kuya kufuneka ukhethe ikhibhodi, ilizwe, khetha izahlulelo okanye uzenze, njl. Ngexesha lofakelo siza kwenza iakhawunti yomsebenzisi, kunye negama elinegama eligqithisiweyo.
Xa sifika kwi icandelo lesoftware, musa ukukhetha naluphi na ukhetho kuluhlu oza kulifaka. Endaweni yoko, hit the TAB isitshixo kwaye siza kukhetha Qhubeka:
Senza oku ngolu hlobo kuba sifuna kuphela isiseko se-Ubuntu 18.04. Ngesizathu esithile ubunye abudweliswanga kukhetho lwesoftware kwesi sikrini, ke kuyakufuneka siyifake kamva.
Kanye Nje ukuba ukufakwa kugqityiwe, siya kuqala inkqubo kwakhona, sisuse imithombo yeendaba yokufaka.
Emva kokuqalisa kwakhona, siya kuboniswa nge-TTY (itheminali), njengakwisikrini esingezantsi. Uza kusicela ukuba singene. Ngenisa igama lomsebenzisi kunye negama lokugqitha esilikhethileyo ngexesha lokufaka.
Ukufaka i-Unity desktop epheleleyo
Emva kokungena kwi-TTY, ngoku lixesha lokuba fakela i-Ubuntu yobunye be desktop. Ukwenza oku, siya kubhala lo myalelo ulandelayo:
sudo apt install ubuntu-unity-desktop
Nje ukuba ukufakwa kugqityiwe, siqala kwakhona kwaye singena kwi-Unity desktop. Ukuqala kwakhona ikhompyuter sibhala lo myalelo ulandelayo:
sudo reboot now
Emva kokuba ikhompyuter ibuyise kwakhona, akufuneki uphinde ungene kwi-TTY. Endaweni yoko, kuya kufuneka uqale iseshoni yoBunye boBuntu:
Nangona ezinye izinto zichaziwe kwiGnome Shell, uninzi lusebenza kwezinye iimeko zedesktop, kubandakanya ubunye. Kungenxa yoko le nto sinokulandela ezinye zezinto esinokuzibona kwinqaku elishicilelwe ngumntu osebenza naye omawukwenze emva kokufaka Ubuntu 18.04 Bionic Beaver.
Kubi ukuba i-18 ayisebenzi kuma-32bits?
Ubunye yiprojekhthi efile ngokusemthethweni, exhaswa kuphela kwiinguqulelo ezingekapheli kwaye zangoku. Ngentlonipho yonke, kuphela liqaqobana labantu abangaphangeliyo ngaphandle koqeqesho abazinikeleyo ekuligcineni (kungacetyiswa ukufakelwa kokusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla kunye nokuzinzileyo) ngokufanayo ekucebiseni ukuyifaka xa kwathiwa iphelelwe lixesha ngabazali babo. Ingxaki esisiseko ayikukulawula ukufaka okungafakwanga, kukuba kunye nayo kukho yonke indawo yendalo yolwandiso kunye nemisebenzi efuna ulondolozo olusisigxina kubuchwephesha obutsha be-GTK + kwaye oko akunakulindeleka kwixesha elide. Le nkqubo ibonisa kuphela umnqweno wokuvuselela i-zombie kwihlabathi lesoftware.
Nangona, njengoko usitsho, ubunye busweleke ngokusemthethweni, kusekho abantu abathanda ukusebenzisa le desktop, nangasiphi na isizathu. Olu lukhetho lofakelo endilufumene kumnandi ukuzama ukubonisa kwaye nabani na ofuna ukwenza njalo banokusebenzisa le desktop.
Nangona kufuneka ndibonise ukuba akukho mntu apha ucebisa ukusebenzisa olu fakelo kusetyenziso lwemihla ngemihla okanye nantoni na enjalo. Ukulungiselela oko, ufakelo ngokwalo sele lukuvumela ukuba ufake ezinye iidesktops ezikhoyo ngoku (jonga umfanekiso we-5th). Kodwa ke, ayinguye wonke umntu ofuna okanye ekufuneka enolwazi nge-OS yakhe.
molo2.
Ndilwenzile ufakelo kodwa xa ndigqibile, andinakho ukufikelela kwinethiwekhi, akukho wiring okanye iWi-Fi. Kwaye kwi-icon ye-wifi ithi, »Isixhobo asilawulwa»
Ukufakwa okuboniswe apha kukufaka kuphela iziseko zenkqubo yokusebenza. Ukuba ufuna ukwenza inethiwekhi isebenze, kwaye sele ugqibile ukufakela, faka i-USB kwakhona nakwisikrini sokufaka, yiya kwi-Advanced Options ukhetho (kubonakala ngathi ndiyakhumbula). Apho uyakufumana yonke into oyifunayo ukwenza uqhagamshelo lwenethiwekhi. Salu2.
Yintoni imodeli yezixhobo ozisebenzisela ukufakela?
Ulawulo lwenethiwekhi lunokwenziwa ngokwenza le miyalelo ilandelayo:
Isudo rm -rf /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml
ikati yesudo </etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml
# Vumela iNethiwekhiManager ilawule zonke izixhobo ezikule nkqubo
inethiwekhi:
inguqulelo: 2
Umnikezeli: INethiwekhiManager
EOF
Isudo netplan siyasebenza
Sudo systemctl qala kwakhona iNethiwekhiManager
Ngelishwa akukho lwazi lungako malunga nendlela yokuguqula oku ngexesha lokufaka. Mhlawumbi ndiphosakele, kodwa ukuba umntu usebenzisa kwangaphambili, bangazama "say preseed / include_command string (...)", ucinga ukuba inkqubo yokufaka ingaphakathi kwesikhombisi "/ ekujolise kuko".