Uyifaka njani Ubuntu ukusuka kwi-USB inyathelo ngenyathelo

Ukuqala kwam ukusebenzisa Ubuntu, ukufakwa kwenkqubo yokusebenza kwakwahluke kakhulu. Leyo yeeseshini ezibukhoma okanye iiSeshini ezibukhoma yayiyinto ekhethekileyo kunikezelo olunje I-Knoppix, kunye nenkqubo, nangona uthelekiso luthande ukuba libi, into efana neWindows. Kwakufuneka wenze i-CD yokufakela, uyifake, uqale kuyo, into eyayinje ngokungagqibekanga phantse kuyo nayiphi na ikhompyuter, kwaye wenze le nto iwizard ikuxelele yona. Kamva, ukusetyenziswa kweeSeshini ezibukhoma kunye nee-flash drives zaqala ukuthandwa, kwaye apha siza kukufundisa uyifaka njani ubuntu kwi-usb.

Inyani yeyokuba, okwangoku, kunzima kum ukucinga ngenye indlela yokufaka inkqubo yokusebenza, ukuya kuthi ga xa ndifuna ukufaka iWindows ndiyenze ngolu hlobo (ngezixhobo ezifana I-Wintoflash, nangona ezinye zale mihla nazo ziyasebenza). Iiflash drives ziyasebenziseka kwakhona, kwaye sinokuzisebenzisa kuyo nayiphi na enye into emva kokufaka inkqubo yokusebenza. Into endicinga ukuba yeyona nto inzima okanye ibaluleke kakhulu ulwazi esiyifunayo kukuba "ukutshisa" umfanekiso we-ISO, ukuba usenokuthi "ukutshisa" xa into ofuna ukuyenza kukudala i-USB ephilayo.

Uyifaka njani Ubuntu kwi-USB: khuphela

Kukho izixhobo ezikuvumela ukuba ukhuphele imifanekiso ye-ISO kubo, kodwa andizithembi kuba uLili (Linux Live) uMdali we-USB kunye nabanye abafana ne-UNetBootin bahlala bethatha ixesha labo besongeza iinguqulelo ezintsha. Ke kum kungcono ukuya kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni kwaye Khuphela imifanekiso ukusuka kwisikhangeli. Okanye ukuba akunjalo, kwaye banikezela ukuba kunokwenzeka, ukusuka kumlambo esibonana nawo apho.

Ubuntu ISO iyafumaneka apha esi sixhobo, kodwa ukusuka I-Chimimage.ubunturu.com. Kwiseva endala sinokukhuphela inguqulelo ephambili ye-Ubuntu kunye nayo yonke into ezisesikweni ezisemthethweni, kunye nezinye eziyekiweyo njengoBuntu GNOME okanye iMythBuntu. Kwiinguqulelo ezikhoyo, sinokukhuphela yonke into esanandipha inkxaso, ethi ngexesha lokubhala eli nqaku livela ku-Ubuntu 14.04 ukuya phambili. Into embi kukuba imifanekiso ye-32bit iye yanyamalala apho, kodwa unokufumana imifanekiso engama-32 yezinye iincasa Ubuntu kwiforum.

Uyifaka njani Ubuntu kwi-USB: ukwenza imidiya yokufaka

Kwaye ngubani othi "ufakelo oluphakathi" uthi i-USB. Eli candelo linokuba lide kakhulu ukuba uzama ukugubungela zonke iinketho ezikhoyo. Ndihlala ndisebenzisa i-Etcher kwiLinux, okanye (iRaspberry Pi) Imager, okanye iVentoy, ke andazi ukuba mandiqale ngaphi. Nangona ndinento engqondweni, kuba Ubuntu buyasivumela ukuba sibe ne Boot Safe kwaye ayidla ngokubangela iingxaki, ngoko ke into yokuqala endiya kuphawula ngayo kukusetyenziswa kweVentoy.

kunomoya

Eyona nto imbi ngeVentoy kukufakwa kwayo, noko ukuba sisebenzisa inkqubo efana noBuntu; into entle kukuba ingasetyenziswa ukusuka kokubini kwayo. Ukuba sikuWindows hayi; ukuba le yimeko yakho, khuphela uguqulelo lwamva nje ukusuka esi sixhobo kwaye sivuyisana nawe ukuba wenze isigqibo sokusijoyina. Kwiinkqubo ezifana ne-Manjaro iyafumaneka kwiindawo zayo zokugcina ezisemthethweni, kodwa ku-Ubuntu kufuneka sihambe nge-terminal, nangona imfutshane kwaye imnandi. Amanyathelo ayakuba ngala:

1. Sikhuphela isoftware kwikhonkco esiyinike ngasentla.
2. Sikhupha ifayile ecinezelweyo, enokwenziwa ngesixhobo segraphical okanye ngomyalelo (i "x" iya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuguqulelo olukhutshelweyo):

sudo tar -xf ventoy-1.x.xx-linux.tar.gz

3. Okulandelayo, siya kuluhlu olwenziwe ngalo myalelo, kwaye kufanelekile ukwenza kwi-terminal kuba inkqubo yokusebenzisa isixhobo sewebhu nayo iqalisiwe ngomgca womyalelo ku-Ubuntu:

cd ventoy-1.x.xx

4. Xa singaphakathi, kuya kufuneka siphumeze lo myalelo.

sudo ./VentoyWeb.sh

5. Njengoko sibona kwi-terminal, ukuze sifikelele kwi-interface yegraphical kuya kufuneka sivule isikhangeli sewebhu kwaye singenise ikhonkco elibonisayo, apho kunokuba luncedo ukucofa kuyo.

QAPHELA: Ngokuqhelekileyo iqala ngesiNgesi, kodwa inokutshintshwa ngokukhetha olunye ulwimi kwimenyu ethi "Iilwimi".

6. Ngoku ukuba inguqulelo yewebhu ivuliwe, kufuneka sibonise imenyu ethi "Isixhobo", khetha i-flash drive apho iVentoy iya kufakwa kwaye nqakraza "Faka".

Njengolwazi olongezelelweyo, kulabo abangaziyo kwaye baqonde ukuba kutheni ndincoma i-Ventoy kuqala, into eya kuyenza kukufaka oko kuyimfuneko ukuze i-ISOs ifakwe kwi-USB kwaye iqale kubo. Ngoko ke, sinokuyisebenzisa njengeyunithi yokugcina, kwaye "ukutshisa" imifanekiso ayiyi kuba yimfuneko. Kuya kwanela ukutsala i-ISO ngaphakathi kwi-USB kunye neVentoy.

UBalena Etcher

Etcher sisixhobo esithe ngqo kwaye kulula ukusisebenzisa, kodwa kuya kufuneka ucime yonke into ekwi-USB ngaphambi kokudala imidiya yokufaka. Into entle kukuba iyafumaneka njenge-AppImage, ngoko akuyi kuba yimfuneko ukufaka nantoni na kwinkqubo yokusebenza.

Nangona loo nto yokungafaki nantoni na bubuxoki obuyisiqingatha. I AppImage ku-Ubuntu (GNOME, noko) azivulwa ngokungagqibekanga de kufakwe iphakheji ye-libfuse2 (sudo apt install libfuse2). Nje ukuba siyifake loo phakheji, into ekufuneka siyenzile kukucofa ngokufanelekileyo kwi-AppImage/Properties kwaye ujonge ukuba inokuphunyezwa njengenkqubo. Xa uyiqala, iya kujongeka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Njengoko sele sichazile, inkqubo incinci "ukuya" p'alante "okanye, njengoko i-Anglo-Saxons isitsho, "ngqo ngqo phambili":

1. Kwicandelo lokuqala ukhetha i-ISO yokurekhoda.
2. Kweyesibini, i-drive yokuyifaka. Idla ngokusazisa xa siza kuyifaka kwi-flash drive enkulu kakhulu, kuba kunokubakho idatha ebalulekileyo kwaye ngexesha lokudala yonke into kufuneka icinywe.
3. Ngolo khetho lubini lwenziwe, cofa kwiFlash kwaye ulinde inkqubo ukuba igqibe.
4. Nangona kungekho mntu kufuneka athathe umzekelo wam ombi, ndihlala ndikuphepha ukuqinisekiswa okwenzayo emva kokudalwa kwe-USB ephilayo, kuba ithatha ixesha elide kwaye ayizange indilahlekele kwaye andizange ndibone nayiphi na imiyalezo yempazamo evela kuqinisekiso.

Ukucinga

Eyokugqibela yezindululo zam isebenza phantse ngokufana nqwa ne-Etcher, kodwa iyafumaneka kwii-Ubuntu zokugcina, ngoko inokukhangelwa kwaye ifakwe kunye ne-Ubuntu Software. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-Imager, okanye I-raspiberi Pi Imager, ekubeni sisixhobo i-Raspberry Pi enikezela ngayo ukutshisa imifanekiso eya kusetyenziswa kwi-motherboard yayo. Kodwa ayisiyiyo eyebhodi yakho kuphela kwaye unokwenza Ubuntu Live USBs ngesi sixhobo.

Umahluko kuphela kukuba i "CHOOSE OS" inketho inokusiphazamisa kancinci. Njengoko sisithi, yisoftware elungiselelwe ikakhulu ukurekhoda imifanekiso yeRaspberry Pi, kwaye loo menyu isinika ukukhuphela iinkqubo ezinje ngoBuntu Desktop, iRaspberry Pi OS okanye iLibreELEC, kodwa iinguqulelo zebhodi yakho. Ukuba sifuna ukwenza i-USB ephilayo kunye no-Ubuntu, kufuneka sikhethe i "Sebenzisa iSiko" ukhetho, khangela kwaye ukhethe i-Ubuntu ISO, kwaye enye ifana ne-Etcher, ukuqinisekiswa kubandakanyiwe.

Uyifaka njani Ubuntu kwi-USB: inyathelo langaphambili

Nje ukuba sibe nendawo yokufaka, indlela yokufaka Ubuntu kwi-USB sele isondele kakhulu, nangona kukho into ebalulekileyo yokwenza / ukwazi. Ukwenza njani kuxhomekeke kwikhompyuter kunye neyona nkumbulo isisiseko, eyaziwa ngokuba yiBIOS. Into ekufuneka siyenze kuqala kukucima izixhobo, sivule kwaye ngenisa iisetingi zakho (Misela). Kwezinye izixhobo ikunye (Fn)F2, kwezinye nge «Del» okanye «Del» isitshixo kwaye kwezinye kunye nezinye; Kufuneka ufumanise ukuba yintoni na ukukwazi ukungena olu qwalaselo.

Kanye kuyo, kwaye ekubeni nganye yahlukile, kunzima ukuchaza amanyathelo athile, kodwa kufuneka uskrolele kwiinketho zokuqala kwaye utshintshe umyalelo ukuze qala ufunde usb. Ngendlela, akuyi kuba buhlungu ukutshintsha yonke iodolo ukuze into yokugqibela ozama ukuyiqala kwi-hard drive; ukuba akukho nto, qalisa i-hard drive; Kungenjalo, qala kuyo nayiphi na into ekhoyo, nokuba yiCD okanye i-USB, esiya kuba siyifakele into ethile. Kodwa wonke umntu uyazazi izixhobo zabo kwaye uya kuyazi into amakayenze apha.

Olunye ukhetho ukuba awufuni ukutshintsha ucwangco lwesiqalo kukufumana kunye nokwenza ukhetho, ukuba lukhona, lwe. ngenisa ukhetho lokuqhuba ngexesha lokuqalisa. Kwilaptop yam icofa i-F12 ekuqaleni, kwaye indivumela ukuba ndikhethe i-hard drive okanye i-USB ukuba ndinayo kwizibuko.

Ukufakwa kobuntu

Ngeli xesha, into esiyishiyileyo kukuqala kwi-USB kunye faka Ubuntu. en Oku kubhaliwe yesikhokelo sethu sichazwa inyathelo ngenyathelo, kwaye apha siza kwenza into encinci efanayo, kodwa izikrini ziya kuba zezo ze-installer eziza kufumaneka kwi-23.04, ekubeni umhla wokukhululwa uyasondela kwaye siyathemba ukuba oku Inqaku linceda ukufaka Ubuntu zombini ngexesha lokubhala eli nqaku nakwiminyaka ezayo.

Kwifestile yokuqala, kwaye le nto intsha, iya kusicela ukuba sikhethe ulwimi. Ewe, akukho nto: sikhetha kwaye nqakraza Qhubeka.

Okulandelayo, kwaye lo myalelo umtsha kwakhona, uya kuba xa usibuza ukuba sifuna ukuvavanya okanye ukufaka inkqubo yokusebenza. Ukuba into esiyifunayo kukusebenza kwiSeshini ebukhoma, kuya kufuneka sikhethe “Zama Ubuntu”. Ukuba sifuna ukuyifaka, emva koko "Faka Ubuntu". Akukho mahluko, kodwa ndidla ngokukhetha ukhetho lokuzama kuba lundivumela ukuba ndisebenzise inkqubo yokusebenza, kwimeko apho ndifuna ukwenza into ngekhompyuter yam kwaye ukufakela akundinyanzeli ukuba ndilinde.

Kwisikrini esilandelayo kuya kufuneka sikhethe uyilo lwebhodi yezitshixo. Sikhetha ulwimi lwethu kwaye sicofe ku Qhubeka. Ukuba asiqinisekanga ngokhetho, emva kokumakisha ulwimi sinokujonga ukuba yonke into ichanekile kwibhokisi yokubhaliweyo engezantsi. Kubantu abathetha iSpanish, kufanelekile ukujonga ukuba u-Ñ ukhona.

Ngekhibhodi esele ikulwimi lwethu, lixesha lokuxhuma kwi-Intanethi. Eli nyathelo alibalulekanga kakhulu, kodwa ukuba sidibanisa sinokukhuphela isofthiwe kunye nohlaziyo oluthile ngexesha lofakelo. Ukuba asiqhagamsheli, lonke uhlaziyo kuya kufuneka lusetyenziswe emva koko.

Inyathelo elilandelayo lelinye lawona abalulekileyo, kuba kuya kufuneka sikhethe uhlobo lofakelo esifuna ukulwenza. Sinokukhetha phakathi kwesiqhelo kunye nokuncinci, okuya kwenza okufanayo njengesiqhelo kodwa kuya kufaka iipakethe ezimbalwa ngokungagqibekanga (okwaneleyo ukusebenza). Kwakhona ukuba sifuna ukufaka isoftware yomntu wesithathu, njengabaqhubi abanini kunye neefomati zemultimedia.

Ukuqhubela phambili nohlobo lofakelo, ngoku kufuneka sikhethe indlela esiya kuphatha ngayo izahlulo. Ukuba sikhetha leyo ihlolwe ngokungagqibekanga, iya kufaka Ubuntu isebenzisa yonke i-hard drive. Sinokukhetha ezinye izinto eziphambili, kunye "Nenye into"...

... kulapho sinokwenza khona, sicime, sikhethe, njalo njalo, izahlulelo. Eli candelo lelabasebenzisi abaphambili, nangona kungekudala siza kubhala isikhokelo malunga nezahlulo ekufuneka Ubuntu zisebenze kwaye zeziphi ekuya kucetyiswa ukuba nazo.

Kwifestile elandelayo siza kubona isishwankathelo sento esiza kuyenza. Ukuba yinto esiyifunayo, siyaqhubeka. Ukuba akunjalo, kufuneka ubuyele umva ukulungisa okungalunganga.

Ufakelo sele luqalile, kodwa kukho ezinye izinto ezimbalwa ezingakumbi ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Eyokuqala, indawo yethu.

Emva koko siya kudala umsebenzisi wethu:

• Igama lethu elipheleleyo liya kwibhokisi yokuqala, ukuba sifuna ukulisebenzisa ngolo hlobo.
• Kweyesibini, igama leqela. Ndihlala ndibeka nje igama lenkqubo yokusebenza, kule meko "ubuntu" (Ndithanda ukusebenzisa unobumba omncinci kule nto). Kwaye kwakhona ngale installer, "ubuntu" ayibanjwanga kwaye ingasetyenziswa.
• Kwibhokisi yesithathu iya igama lomsebenzisi, ekufuneka libe ngoonobumba abancinci kwaye liya kuvela kwi/ekhaya.
• Ezimbini zokugqibela zeze-password, ukuyibeka kube kanye kwaye uqinisekise ukuba asenzanga mpazamo.
• I-"checkbox" okanye ibhokisi yokuqinisekisa iya kuba kukubona igama eliyimfihlo, ukwenzela ukuba iileta zivele kwaye ingabi ziisimboli ezizifihlayo.
• Kwaye iswitshi kukusibuza igama eligqithisiweyo xa uqala ikhompyuter okanye hayi. Ngaphandle kokuba isetyenziselwa izinto ezingabalulekanga, ngathi ndinelaptop endala esebenzisa kuphela iziko leendaba, kungcono ukuyishiya isebenza.

Andazi ukuba abaninzi baya kucinga njengam na, kodwa ndiyayithanda le nto. Inyathelo elongezelelweyo liye laziswa apho kuya kufuneka sikhethe ukukhanya okanye umxholo omnyama. Linyathelo elinye ngaphezulu, kodwa ufakelo sele lwenziwa ngasemva kwaye asichithi xesha. Kwelinye icala, emva kokuqala inkqubo yokusebenza siya kuba nayo njengoko sithanda.

Silinda inkqubo ukuba igqitywe, sinokuzonwabisa ngokujonga izilayidi ukuba siyafuna, side sibone umfanekiso ofana nalo ulandelayo:

Kwaye kuya kuba konke. Ngoku kufuneka uqalise kwakhona. Inkqubo yokusebenza isikhumbuza ukuba kufuneka siyisuse i-USB ngaphambi kokuba siqalise; umyalezo uvela, ngelo xesha kufuneka siwususe kwaye ucinezele "Faka". Xa uqala ngokutsha siya kuba ku-Ubuntu wethu omtsha. Siyathemba ukuba esi sikhokelo sendlela yokufaka Ubuntu kwi-usb sikuncedile.