QGIS, ifake ku-Ubuntu 18.10 bese usebenza ngolwazi lwe-geospatial

Esihlokweni esilandelayo sizobheka i-QGIS. Lokhu yi iphakethe lesoftware yomthombo ovulekile wokudweba imininingwane ye-geospatial. I-QGIS uhlelo oluthandwa kakhulu lwe-cross-platform geographic information system. Sizoyithola itholakalela i-Gnu / Linux, Mac ne-Windows. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe sizobona ukuthi kanjani faka i-QGIS 3 ku-Ubuntu 18.10.

I-QGIS (phambilini ebibizwa nangokuthi i-Quantum GIS) ibingenye yezinhlelo zokuqala eziyisishiyagalombili ze-OSGeo Foundation. Le software izosivumela ukuthi siphathe amafomethi e-raster ne-vector ngemitapo yolwazi ye-GDAL ne-OGR, kanye nemininingwane yolwazi.

Izici ezijwayelekile ze-QGIS

Ezinye zezici zayo yilezi:

• Izosinika ukuphatha ifayili Ifayili le-Shapefile, i-ArcInfo, iMapinfo, i-GRASS GIS, i-DXF, i-DWG, njll.
• Sizoba nokuxhaswa ngezinombolo eziningi zezinhlobo ze- amafayela we-raster (IGRass GIS, GeoTIFF, TIFF, JPG, njll.)
• Enye yezinzuzo zayo ezinkulu ukuthi kungenzeka sebenzisa i-Quantum GIS njenge-GUI ye-SIG GRASS, kusetshenziswa wonke amandla wokuhlaziya akamuva endaweni yokusebenza enomusa.
• QGIS ithuthukiswa ku-C ++, usebenzisa i- Umtapo we-Qt wesixhumi esibonakalayo sakho igrafu yomsebenzisi.
• Enye yamandla amakhulu e-QGIS yilokho isebenza kumasistimu ahlukile wokusebenza okufana ne: GNU / Linux, BSD, Unix, Mac OSX, Windows ne-Android (esigabeni sokuhlola). Kusebenza ngokufanayo kuzo zonke.
• I-QGIS inengqalasizinda ye-plugin. Umsebenzisi angakwazi engeza ukusebenza okuningi okusha ngokubhala ama-plugins akho. Lawa ma-plugins angabhalwa nge-C ++ noma ngePython.
• QGIS 3.0 sebenzisa i- Uhlobo lwePython 3.X. Inikeza onjiniyela ngezixhumanisi ezibonelweni nasemihlahlandlela ye-Plugin Builder njengethuluzi lokuthuthukisa i-Python.

Singakwazi wazi kabanzi mayelana Las ifaka le phrojekthi ekhasini lakhe lewebhu.

Faka i-QGIS ku-Ubuntu 18.10

Singayifaka le software ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene kuhlelo lwethu lwe-Ubuntu 18.10:

Faka nge-APT

Ukufaka i-QGIS ngomphathi wephakeji le-APT, kufanele nje sivule i-terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) bese sibhala kuyo:

sudo apt install qgis python-qgis qgis-plugin-grass

Le nketho sizofaka inguqulo 2.18 yohlelo kusistimu yethu. Uma sifuna inguqulo yakamuva, iya ephuzwini elilandelayo.

Faka ngekhosombe lakho

Ngale nketho sizofaka inguqulo yakamuva, ikakhulukazi namhlanje, i-3.4. Singangeza ngqo kufayela /etc/apt/sources.list inqolobane yayo ehambisanayo. Sizohlela leli fayela ngomyalo olandelayo:

sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list

Sizodinga ukufaka umugqa owodwa kuphela.

Njengoba sisebenzisa Ubuntu 18.10 Cosmic Cutlefish yalesi sibonelo, kuzofanele sengeze ikhosombe elithile le-Ubuntu 18.10 kusuka ku-QGIS 3. I-Ubuntu Cosmic Cutlefish codename iyi cosmic. Ngalokhu kuzofanele sengeze umugqa olandelayo phezulu noma ezansi kwefayela /etc/apt/sources.list:

deb https://qgis.org/ubuntu cosmic main

Ngemuva kwalokhu, sigcina futhi sivale ifayili. Manje kuzofanele sikwenze ngenisa ukhiye we-GPG kusuka ku-QGIS 3 ngomyalo olandelayo:

wget -O - https://qgis.org/downloads/qgis-2017.gpg.key | gpg --import

Ukhiye we-GPG kufanele ungezwe kumshini wakho we-Ubuntu 18.10. Manje usungakwazi hlola ukuthi ngabe ukhiye we-GPG ungeniswe kahle yini ngomyalo olandelayo:

gpg --fingerprint CAEB3DC3BDF7FB45

Manje kufanele engeza ukhiye we-QGIS 3 GPG kumphathi wephakheji we-apt. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngeke ukwazi ukuvuselela i-cache bese ulanda futhi ufake i-QGIS 3. Ukwenza lesi senzo sizosenza ku-terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T):

gpg --export --armor CAEB3DC3BDF7FB45 | sudo apt-key add -

Kuleli qophelo, kufanele buyekeza isilondolozi se-Ubuntu 18.10 apt package:

sudo apt update

Manje sesingakwazi faka i-QGIS 3:

sudo apt install qgis python-qgis qgis-plugin-grass

Inqubo yokulanda nokufaka ye-QGIS kufanele iqale. Lokhu kungathatha isikhashana.

Qala i-QGIS

Manje sesingaya ku-GNOME 3 Desktop Environment Activities bese sisesha ama-qgis. Kufanele sikwazi ukuthola ilogo ye-QGIS Desktop njengoba kukhonjisiwe kusikrini esilandelayo. Sizocofa kuso ukwethula uhlelo.

Uma uke wasebenzisa i-QGIS ngaphambilini futhi unezinhlobo zenguqulo yangaphambilini, uzokwazi ukukhetha "Ngenisa ukucushwa kusuka ku-QGIS 2”. Uma umusha kule software, khetha “Ngifuna ukuqala kahle”Ewindini elizokhonjiswa ngaphambi kokulayisha uhlelo.

Lapho uhlelo luqala, kufanele ubone iwindi lokulayisha le-QGIS 3 njengoba kukhonjisiwe ku-skrini elandelayo.

Lapho ukulayishwa kwakho konke okudingekayo sekuqediwe, kufanele sibone iwindi eliyinhloko lohlelo.

Manje singaqala ukudala imininingwane ye-geospatial. Ngemininingwane engaphezulu yokuthi ungalusebenzisa kanjani lolu hlelo, singabheka ku- imibhalo esemthethweni wephrojekthi.