Esihlokweni esilandelayo sizobheka singalufaka kanjani ulimi lohlelo lweNim ku-Ubuntu 20.04. Namuhla kunezilimi eziningi nezinhlelo ezihluke kakhulu. Ngamunye wabo unezici zawo, futhi bonke bafuna ukusebenza kahle ngezici ezintsha zobuchwepheshe ezingaba wusizo ekwakhiweni kwezicelo.
-NUM ihlanganisa imiqondo evela ezilimini ezivuthiwe ezinjenge Python, Ada noModula. Lolu wulimi oluqondiswe entweni olune-syntax nezici ezifana nalezo ezinikezwa yiPython.. Ngalesi sizathu nezinye, lulimi olunikeza konke okudingayo ukuze ukwazi ukudala izinhlelo zokusebenza zesimanje. Futhi, njengazo zonke izilimi zesimanje, inikela ngezinguqulo ze-Gnu / Linux, Windows, MacOS ne-BSD.
Izici ezijwayelekile zeNim
- Ine- i-syntax enembile nehlanzekile. Ukudweba ugqozi oluvela ezilimini ezahlukahlukene, i-syntax kaNim iyaqondakala kalula futhi iphumela kukhodi engashintshwa kalula.
- Isihlanganisi seNim kanye nokwenziwayo okukhiqizwayo kuyahambisana nawo wonke amapulatifomu amakhulu.
- -NUM kufaka phakathi i-JavaScript backend.
- Lolu limi kusebenzisa ulimi oluncane olusemqoka, enesici esinamandla se- metaprogramming.
- Umphathi wephakheji kaNim ubizwa I-Nimble. Amaphakheji asatshalaliswa ngezinqolobane zeGit neMercurial.
- Isiza ukuxhumanisa nemitapo yolwazi ye-C, C ++, kanye ne-Objective C. Lokhu kuzovumela abathuthukisi ukufinyelela kalula imitapo yolwazi enamandla futhi evuthiwe.
- Kukhuthazwe yiPython. Lapho uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Nim lushayisa ngokuhlukile, luzokhiqiza umkhondo wesitaki ngaphambi kokuphuma. Ifomethi yalokhu ukulandelwa kwesitaki kulula ukuyiqonda futhi iqukethe lonke ulwazi oludingekayo ukulungisa iphutha ngaphandle.
- -NUM kukhiqiza okuphumelelayo kwendabuko okungenakho ukuncika.
- Ukuphathwa kwememori kaNim kunqume futhi kwenziwe ngezifiso ngababhubhisi futhi kuhambise ama-semantics, Ikhuthazwe yi-C ++ neRust.
- Ukusekelwa kokubuya emuva okuhlukahlukene.
- Ishicilelwe nge Ilayisense ye-MIT.
- Iningi lentuthuko lenziwa ku- GitHub.
Lezi ngezinye nje zezimpawu zalolu limi. Zonke izici zayo zichazwe ngokuningiliziwe kufayela le- iwebhusayithi yephrojekthi.
Ukufaka ulimi lohlelo lwe-Nim ku-Ubuntu 20.04
Abasebenzisi bazoba namathuba ahlukile wokufaka ku-Ubuntu. Eyokuqala kuzoba ukubonga ku I-Nim ifakiwe ezinqolobaneni ezisemthethweni. Ngakho-ke, ukufakwa kuba lula impela, kufanele uvule ukuphela (Ctrl + Alt + T) bese usebenzisa umyalo:
sudo apt install nim
Lokhu kufakwa, kusukela namuhla, namanje akunikezi inguqulo yakamuva. Ngokwalesi sizathu sizobona enye indlela ezosivumela ukuthi sifake inguqulo yakamuva ezinzile. Kuwebhusayithi yabo banikela ngamathuba wokusebenzisa iskripthi, okuzodingeka ukuthi silande futhi sisebenzise kuphela. Okokuqala kuzofanele sifake iphakheji ukwakha-kubalulekile. Lokhu singakwenza ngokuvula i-terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) bese sisebenzisa umyalo olandelayo kuyo:
sudo apt install build-essential
Ngaphambi kokudlulela esinyathelweni esilandelayo, uma kwenzeka i-curl ingafakiwe kwikhompyutha yethu, kuzodingeka sibambe leli thuluzi. Sizokufeza lokhu ngomyalo ofanayo wokufaka:
sudo apt install curl
Lapho ukufakwa kwe-curl kuqediwe, singakwazi usethule ukuze sisebenzise iskripthi sokufaka seNim. Kuzofanele sisebenzise lo omunye umyalo kuphela esigungwini sethu:
curl https://nim-lang.org/choosenim/init.sh -sSf | sh
Lapho ukufakwa kwe-Nim kuqediwe, sizobona ukuthi i-terminal izokhombisa imiyalo ethile okuzodingeka siyilandele ukuqeda ukufaka i-Nim. Lezi bazositshela ukuthi sihlele ifayela ~ / .bashrc o ~ / .profile:
vim ~/.bashrc
Futhi ake singeze umugqa olandelayo ekugcineni kwefayela elihleliwe:
export PATH=/home/tu-nombre-usuario/.nimble/bin:$PATH
Kumiselela 'igama lakho lomsebenzisi'ngegama lakho lomsebenzisi elihambelanayo. Uma usungezile, gcina izinguquko bese uvala ifayili.
Lapho sibuyela esigungwini, singakwazi buka inguqulo efakiwe yeNim iyagijima:
nim -v
Ngaphezu kwalezi zinketho zokufaka, Singalandela futhi i- imiyalo ekhonjiswe ekhasini lewebhu kusuka kuphrojekthi ukufaka lolu limi njengephakheji ye-snap.
Isibonelo esiyisisekelo
Ngemuva kokufakwa, sizokwakha uhlelo lwesibonelo olujwayelekile ukubonisa umlayezo. Ini amafayela ekhodi weNim anokwandiswa kwe-nim, ake sidale eyodwa ngesihleli sethu esiyintandokazi kusuka ku-terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T):
vim hola.nim
Ngaphakathi kwaleli fayela sizofaka okuqukethwe okulandelayo:
echo "Esto es un ejemplo de nim, creado para Ubunlog"
Ngemuva sizogcina izinguquko bese sivale ifayili.
Lapho sibuyela esigungwini, sizokwenza kanjalo hlanganisa ifayela lomthombo ukukhiqiza kanambambili ongasebenza:
nim c hola.nim
Ngemuva kokuthi ukuhlanganiswa kuqediwe, manje singaqhuba lesi sibonelo Ngokulandelayo:
./hola
Uma konke bekulungile, uNim usevele uyasebenza kukhompyutha yakho, futhi ungaqala ukusebenza. Ngalokhu ungakwazi thintana nemibhalo mayelana neNim itholakala ku- ikhasi lewebhu