Uma usufikile lapha, yingoba ucabanga ukushiya Ubuntu. Njengalapho sifuna ukuzikhipha ohlwini lwesevisi, sizochaza ungakhipha kanjani Ubuntu, kodwa ngaphandle kokuzama ukukumisa ngokukunikeza ulwazi olufanele ukuze uhlale kulesi simiso esihle sokusebenza esinikeza negama laso kule bhulogi. Ubuntu yibo obusetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni we-Linux, ngesizathu, kodwa singaqonda ukuthi kungani umuntu efuna ukubushiya, ikakhulukazi uma bengakakwenzi.
Okokuqala, yithi "ubuntu" akulona uhlelo. Ngakho-ke, impendulo yombuzo wokuthi ungakhipha kanjani Ubuntu ngeke kube lula. Sikhuluma ngesistimu yokusebenza, futhi amasistimu okusebenza awakhishwa. Angasuswa, angashintshwa abanye, angabuyiselwa... kodwa angakhishiwe ngencazelo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuba sazi ukuthi yini esinayo esandleni nokuthi yini esifuna ukuyizuza.
Indlela yokukhipha Ubuntu uma ngisebenzisa i-dual-boot
Ukuba nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbili kukhompyutha eyodwa kwaziwa ngokuthi i-dual-boot noma ama-boot amabili. Eminyakeni eminingi edlule, Ubuntu bebungafakwa eceleni kweWindows kusuka kusifaki esisetshenziswa ohlelweni lweMicrosoft. Bekulula kakhulu ngoba ibingafakwa futhi ikhishwe njengohlelo, kodwa lokho manje sekuyinto yesikhathi esedlule. Manje, ukufaka Ubuntu eceleni kweWindows, kufanele sikwenze nesifaki esisemthethweni, siqaphele ukuthi singaphuli lutho noma kungenzeka singaqali iWindows.
Lapho ufaka Ubuntu kanye neWindows, ekugcineni kufanele siyenze ibe Ubuntu, ikakhulukazi yayo I-GRUB, lowo ophethe ibhuthi. Uma sikwenza kahle, lapho siqala ikhompuyutha ene-double-boot sizobona i-GRUB, futhi kuyo izinketho zokufaka Ubuntu, kuzinketho zekhompyutha noma ku-Windows.
Iphephe kakhulu
Iphephe kakhulu hhayi zikanokusho kakhulu: susa ukwahlukanisa lapho Ubuntu bukhona, kushiye i-GRUB ukuthi iqhubeke nokwenza umsebenzi wayo. Ngale ndlela sizobuyisa isikhala esiku-Ubuntu, kodwa ngeke siqale ngqo ku-Windows; IWindows kuzodingeka ikhethwe ngesandla ebhuthini ngayinye, noma izozama ukungena ku-Ubuntu futhi, njengoba ingasekho, izosinika iphutha.
Uma singafuni ukuzifaka engcupheni yokulahlekelwa yinoma yini ku-Windows futhi esikufunayo nje ukubuyisela isikhala esisetshenziswa Ubuntu, okufanele sikwenze ukuya ethuluzini lokuphatha ukwahlukanisa kweWindows futhi, ukusuka lapho, sisuse ukwahlukanisa Ubuntu:
- Okokuqala, akufanele siqale noma iyiphi inqubo efana nale ngaphandle kokwenza isipele sawo wonke amafayela abalulekile.
- Njengoba isipele sesivele senziwe, sichofoza kwesokudla kusithonjana seWindows bese ukhetha Ukuphathwa Kwediski.
- Uma ithuluzi selivuliwe, kufanele sithole ama-partitions asetshenziswa ngu-Ubuntu, chofoza kwesokudla kuwo bese uwasusa. Njengoba sinqume ukunamathela ku-GRUB lapha, asikho isidingo sokuthi sithinte ukuhlukaniswa kwesistimu ye-EFI.
Ngokunengqondo, kuyinto engingafuni ukuyenza, ngakho-ke angikwazi ukunikeza izithombe-skrini zezinyathelo ezilandelayo. Kodwa, empeleni, kungukwamukela imilayezo yesixwayiso. Uma isisusiwe, sizochofoza kwesokudla ku-Windows partition futhi sizoshintsha usayizi wayo ukuze ithathe yonke into eshiywe ingenalutho.
Njengoba sesichazile, ukwenza lokhu kuzobuyisa indawo kuphela, kepha kuyikhona kakhulu uqinisekile ngoba sizobe sishiya ibhuthi njengoba injalo. Ukuzama ezinye izindlela, konke kuzofaneleka kakhulu, kodwa singagcina silahlekelwe yikho konke obekukhona ekufakweni kwethu kweWindows.
Ibuyisela iWindows
Enye indlela kungaba ukubuyisela amawindi futhi sithandazela ukuthi, ekuhambeni okungasicasula ngezinye izikhathi, "kuntshontshe" i-bootloader yethu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ku-Windows 11 sizoya kokuthi Izilungiselelo / Isistimu / Ukubuyisela bese uchofoza okuthi Setha kabusha ikhompyutha:
Ngokuchofoza, kuzovela iwindi elizosivumela ukuthi sigcine amafayela, futhi kufanele sikhethe yebo uma sifuna ukulondoloza amafayela ethu noma cha uma sifuna ukubuyela kuwo Windows 11 njengangemuva kokufakwa kusukela ekuqaleni.
Okungenzeka, kodwa akuqinisekisiwe, ukuthi iWindows inquma ngokwayo buyisela i-boot, shintsha ukuhleleka kwayo, bese uqala futhi ku-Windows hhayi ku-GRUB. Uma siphumelela, khona-ke singenza lokho esikuchazile ephuzwini langaphambilini, okungukuthi, sisuse izingxenye ezisetshenziswa ngu-Ubuntu, kodwa sishiye i-EFI ingakathintwa.
Okuchazwa lapha kungenzeka ngenhlanhla ngokubuyekeza iWindows, ngakho-ke uma singajahile, singalinda isibuyekezo esikhulu sanyanga zonke ukuze sibone ukuthi i-boot ibuyela lapho sinesithakazelo.
ukufaka kabusha amawindi
Lokhu ngeke kwehluleke. Uma esikufunayo ukusebenzisa iWindows kuphela, faka kabusha uhlelo lokusebenza izosebenza ngokuqinisekile. Lapha ngeke kudingeke ukuthi siqaphele nganoma yini, njengoba esikucabangayo kusuka ekuqaleni, futhi inqubo izofana naleyo esiyisebenzisayo uma sifaka iWindows. Kalula nje, lapho silawula ukwahlukanisa sizosusa yonke into, nakuba ku-CD yokufaka singazama nokugcina amafayela. Ngokunengqondo, sizokwenza ikhophi eyisipele yawo wonke amadokhumenti ethu abalulekile.
Ungakhipha kanjani Ubuntu futhi ufake enye i-distro
Uma esikufunayo kulula sebenzisa okunye ukusatshalaliswa, inqubo idlula kokuthile okulula: gcina idatha ebaluleke kakhulu namadokhumenti bese uqala kusukela ekuqaleni.
Kungaba njalo gwema ukufaka kusukela ekuqaleni lapho wenza i-distro-hopping (ukweqa ukusuka kokunye ukusatshalaliswa kokunye) uma ngaphambi kokufaka senze ukwahlukanisa okwenziwa ngesandla futhi sidale okungenani ingxenye eyodwa eyengeziwe enephoyinti lokukhweza ku/ekhaya. Yilapho yonke idatha yethu nezilungiselelo zizogcinwa khona, futhi kuwumbono omuhle nombono omubi ngesikhathi esifanayo. Okuhle ukuthi sizoba nawo wonke amafayela nezilungiselelo zethu lapho, kodwa into embi ukuthi ukulungiswa kungase kungabi okungcono kakhulu ekufakweni kwethu okusha futhi kungase kube namafolda angadingeki. Singasetha kabusha ingxenye yokucushwa ngokucindezela Ctrl + H ukukhombisa amafayela afihliwe futhi ususe amafolda esingawadingi.
Imfihlo lapha iwukuba, okokuqala, ukudala ukwahlukanisa nge/home mount point lapho ufaka i-distro, futhi okwesibili, lapho ufaka entsha, buyela emuva ekuhlukaniseni okwenziwa ngesandla futhi ungamaki/ikhaya lokufometha.
Ungabubuyisela kanjani Ubuntu ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa idatha
Ngeshwa, i-Ubuntu ayinayo inketho yokubuyisela njengeWindows, kodwa i-Linux inezinketho, ezifana nokusebenzisa ukudedelana. Ngokuyisisekelo, okufanele sikwenze ukulungisa ukwahlukanisa ukuze amakhophi ayisipele enziwe ngemvamisa ethile. Noma ngabe kunezipele eziningi, isikhala sizosetshenziswa kanye kuphela; Kusukela kwesibili, lokho okwenziwa uhlelo ukudala ama-symlink noma izixhumanisi ezingokomfanekiso eziya kumafayela.
Enye inketho landa isithombe sesistimu yokusebenza, qalisa kusuka ku-USB, qala inqubo yokufaka, khetha ukwahlukanisa okwenziwa ngesandla futhi ungahloli ukufometha ukwahlukaniswa kwe-Ubuntu. Esizokwenza lapha ukufaka kabusha isistimu yokusebenza phezu kwalena yamanje. Uma kungenandaba nokulahlekelwa ulwazi ngoba sifuna ukuqala phansi, singakuvumela ukuthi kukwenze ngokuzenzekelayo noma siphawule izingxenye ukuze zifomethwe.
Ingabe inkinga ideskithophu? Ishintshe
Ubuntu, nakuba zikhona njengesistimu yokusebenza eyinhloko, empeleni yisisekelo. Amasistimu amaningi wokusebenza "angu" Ubuntu, futhi namuhla akhona Ama-flavour asemthethweni ayi-9. Uma ongakuthandanga ngo-Ubuntu kuyi-interface yabo yomsebenzisi noma izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza, ongakuthandi yi-GNOME. Phakathi kwe ukunambitheka okusemthethweni singakhetha futhi:
- I-KDE / Plasma: Lena ideskithophu eklanyelwe ukukhiqiza kuyilapho ingasindi futhi yenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo. Yilona olusetshenziswa uKubuntu kanye no-Ubuntu Studio.
- I-LXQt: Kuyideskithophu elula eklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa emaqenjini anezinsiza eziphansi. Yize ekuqaleni bekungenzeki ngokwezifiso kangako, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuya ngokuya kube ngokwezifiso. Ideskithophu esetshenziswa uLubuntu.
- Xfce: Lena enye ideskithophu engasindi. Ithiyori ithi iyinto engenziwa ngokwezifiso kancane kune-LXQt, kodwa futhi ingenziwa ngezifiso. Ideskithophu esetshenziswa uXubuntu.
- Budgie: Le khompuyutha isencane kakhulu, futhi ifana ne-GNOME enama-tweaks ukwenza umklamo wayo ubukeke wesimanje. Yideskithophu esetshenziswa ngu-Ubuntu Budgie.
- MATE: ngaleli gama, uMartin Wimpress uzame ukwenza abasebenzisi baka-Ubuntu abancamela okwakudala bangaphoqwa ukusebenzisa i-Unity. Isebenzisa idizayini ye-Ubuntu kusukela ngaphambi kuka-2010, enezibuyekezo eziyenza ibe ngcono minyaka yonke, futhi yileyo esetshenziswa Ubuntu MATE.
- Unity: Le deskithophu ekuqaleni yaklanywa ngabakwaCanonical, kodwa bayilahla ukuze babuyele ku-GNOME. Unjiniyela osemusha uyitholile futhi isibuyile ekuphileni. Yilona olusetshenziswa Ubuntu Unity.
- uku: Le khompuyutha yakhiwe iphrojekthi yayo, futhi ihloselwe ikakhulukazi umphakathi waseShayina. Yilokho Ubuntu Kylin akusebenzisayo.
Ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nendlela yokufaka amanye amadeskithophu, lapha.
Phakathi kokungekho emthethweni kukhona nenguqulo eneCinnamon, enye ene-Deepin, enye ene-Sway... ingasaphathwa eyezinhlelo ezifana ne-Linux Mint.
Uma esikufunayo ngempela ukusebenzisa esinye isixhumi esibonakalayo, okufanele sikwenze yilokho okuchazwe ephuzwini lokuthi singabuyiselwa kanjani, kodwa sisebenzisa isithombe esisha se-ISO.
Sithemba ukuthi phakathi kwezinketho ezichazwe kulesi sihloko uthole impendulo yombuzo wakho mayelana nendlela yokukhipha Ubuntu. Kodwa futhi ukuthi sikwazile ukukukholisa ukuthi uhlale.